JCT Machinery, produce chemical mixer since 2006.
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JCT Machinery, produce chemical mixer since 2006.
Hi guys! Happy Chinese New Year! We are back to work today. I see many messages you guys left during these time, thank you for your trust and waiting! Today let's talk about the reactor design.
1. Volume and Size
The volume of reactor determines the amount of material that can be processed, and is usually selected according to production needs. Too small a volume may lead to low production efficiency, and too large a volume may increase equipment investment and energy consumption.
The design size of reactor should take into account factors such as the exothermic / endothermic heat of the reaction, the fluidity of the material, and the effect of stirring.
2. Material Selection
The material of reactor needs to be selected according to the characteristics of the reaction medium. Common materials include stainless steel, which is suitable for most chemical reactions; special alloys such as titanium alloy and Hastelloy are suitable for highly corrosive environments.
The lining of reactor (such as polytetrafluoroehtylene, rubber lining, etc.) can also be used to handle highly corrosive materials.
3. Reaction Temperature and Pressure
The design of reactor must take into account the temperature and pressure changes that may occur during the reaction. For example, some reactions may be exothermic reactions (such as acid-base neutralization), while some reactions may be endothermic reactions (such as polymerization reactions). Reactor needs to be equipped with a temperature control and pressure control system to ensure that the reaction is carried out within the set temperature and pressure range.
Reactor is usually equipped with a heating and cooling system, such as a jacket, a heat exchanger, steam, cooling water, etc.
4. Stirring System
Stirring is the most critical part of reactor design, which can promote uniform mixing of materials, reaction acceleration, heat transfer and mass transfer. Reactor stirring system design needs to consider:
• Agitator Type: Common agitators include paddle agitators, ribbon agitators, anchor agitators, etc., which are selected according to the viscosity and flow characteristics of reaction materials.
• Stirring Speed: High viscosity materials require slower stirring speeds, while low-viscosity materials require faster stirring speeds.
• Agitator Power and Size: An agitator with insufficient power may cause uuneven stirring and affect the reaction effect.
5. Sealing Design of Reactor
Reactor often needs to undergo high-temperature and high-pressure reactions, so the sealing design is very critical. Common sealing methods include mechanical seals, packing seals, etc. The sealing device needs to ensure that there is no material leakage during the reaction process to prevent external air or contaminants from entering.
The seal also needs to be able to withstand pressure changes, temperature fluctuations and chemical corrosion during the reaction process.
6. Feeding and Discharging System
Feeding System: Feeding device of reactor usually needs to be equipped with a suitable feed port and material conveying device, which can be pumps, screw conveyors, pneumatic conveying, etc. The safety and accuracy of the feeding process must be ensured during design.
Discharging System: The discharge port of reactor should be designed reasonably to timely remove the products after the reaction is completed. For high-viscosity or high-temperature materials, the discharging system may require special design, such as exhaust valves, pressure release valves, etc.
7. Exhaust and Waste Gas Treatment
In some reaction processes, toxic or flammable gases may be generated, so reactor needs to be designed with an effective exhaust system to ensure that harmful gases are safely discharged.
Some reactors are also equipped with gas condenser or adsorption device for recyling and treating waste gases.
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